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        <title>Cassini MIMI LEMMS Calibrated Energy-Time Spectrograms for PHA Ion and Electron Data 2012-07-03</title>
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        <Citation_Information>
            <author_list>Vandegriff, Jon</author_list>
            <publication_year>2024</publication_year> 
            <keyword>LEMMS</keyword>
            <keyword>MIMI</keyword>
            <description> 
                This file contains Cassini Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) Low Energy
                Magnetospheric Measurement System (LEMMS) Calibrated energy-time spectrograms for
                the LEMMS PHA ion data (top panel) and electron data (second panel) during
                2012-07-03T00:00:00.000Z to 2012-07-04T00:00:00.000Z.
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            <description>Cassini MIMI LEMMS Calibrated Energy-Time Spectrogram</description> 
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                <domain>Heliosphere</domain>
                <domain>Magnetosphere</domain>
                <discipline_name>Particles</discipline_name>
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                <facet2>Energetic</facet2>
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                <domain>Magnetosphere</domain>
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                <facet2>Energetic</facet2>
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            <doi>10.17189/1519608</doi> 
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            <comment>
                This plot shows energy-time spectrograms for
                the LEMMS PHA ion data (top panel) and LEMMS PHA electron data (second
                panel). The ions are almost always protons, and these come from channels 8
                through 62 in the LEMMS PHA data. The efficiencies and backgrounds are
                less well understood for channels below For protons, these channels have
                an energy range of 25 to 780 keV. The electrons (the lower of the two data
                panels) come from the LEMMS PHA E channels 15 through 62 and the LEMMS PHA
                F1 channels (26 through 59) and have energy ranges of 20 to 410  (for E
                channels) and 205 to 1700 keV (for F1 channels). Note that there is some
                overlap. Also note that in the data, it is usually possible to see the
                transition region from the lower energy E channels to the higher energy F1
                channels. This is because the efficiencies adn geometric factors used work
                for most situations, but in some environments, the detectors have
                different responses and this causes a visible seam in the data.
                
                Note that a subset of the available PHA channels are typically used for
                science analysis, and only these channels are plotted here. The dataset
                catalog file details the reasons for this. Essentially, the efficiencies
                are unknown or uncertain for omitted channels.
                
                The thin plot between the two data panels is a status panel indicating
                when sunlight contamination may be present in the data. This status panel
                is color coded such that green indicates the data is likely free of
                sunlight problems. Red indicates a likely contamination problem. Black and
                gray both indicate that attitude data could not be obtained to make a
                determination. The Cassini MIMI Data User Guide discusses LEMMS light
                contamination in more detail.
                
                There is also a panel showing angles between the LEMMS Low Energy
                Telescope (LET) and various other vectors. The green line is the SZS
                longitude of the LET boresight. The black line is the latitude of the LET
                boresight in the SZS frame. The blue line is the Sun angle - the angle
                between the LET boresight and the Cassini-Sun line. This is the angle used
                to determine possible sunlight contamination.
                
                The X axis is labeled with the time of day and the local time (in SZS),
                and also the radial distance of Cassini to the center of Saturn.
                
                The bottom three panels show the position of Cassini relative to Saturn in
                the KSM frame. The first plot is a top view, with the Sun to the left. The
                blue trace is the projection of the bow shock into the X-Y plane, and the
                brown line is the magnetopause projection. The equation for the bow shock
                was obtained from Went, et al, 2011, A new semiempirical model of Saturn's
                bow shock based on propagated solar wind parameters, DOI:
                10.1029/2010JA016349. The magnetopause used is from Kanani et al, 2009, A
                new form of Saturn's magnetopause using a dynamic pressure balance model,
                based on in situ multi-instrument Cassini measurements DOI:
                10.1029/2009JA014262. In each of the trajectory plots, Saturn is in the
                middle, and the actual orbit of Titan is shown (centered on the time of
                the data, but extendeing several days before and after so that the whole
                orbit can be seen). The location of Titan at the middle of the day of the
                data plots is indicated with a small red circle. The trajectory of Cassini
                is shown in black, and the part of the trajectory covered by the data is
                shown with a thicker blue line. The position of Cassini at the start of
                the data plot is indicated by a red X. In the KSM YZ projection, the
                magnetopause and bow shock are shown projected into the plane containing
                the spacecraft. Note that if the spacecraft is far enough inside or
                outside, these boundaries may not appear.
                
                The KSM frame is defined as follows: KSM, +X points from Saturn to the
                Sun. +Y is the Saturn dipole axis  crossed into the +X axis. (In practice,
                the spin axis of Saturn is used in place of the dipole axis.) The +Z axis
                is then +X cross +Y. 
            </comment>
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